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Seneca's ideal of the noble spirit and the problem of education
Černínová, Andrea ; Rybák, David (advisor) ; Pelcová, Naděžda (referee)
The diploma thesis is devoted to the work of the Roman Stoic philosopher Seneca, and works in more detail with his moral philosophy. For example, there are open topics on how, according to him, to achieve a calm mind, lasting joy or what true happiness consists of. The diploma thesis aims to think about the transformation of a person according to Seneca in education and how virtue in the Stoic sense belongs to education, as well as how it transforms a person's life in general. Everything is demonstrated through Seneca - tutor of Nero. Through Seneca's Letters to Lucilius (Epistulae Morales ad Lucilium) and work About peace of mind I describe his ethical and didatic principles. In my thesis, I also try to answer the question of what is meant by ancient philosophy, because it is fundamentally different from philosophy in the academic sense, as we know it nowdays. For the Stoics, philosophy consisted not only of the theoretical part, but also of practical exercises. We would literally say that the philosophers of that time lived with the question How to live well? This connection of life, philosophy and education, which is revealed to us in Seneca, is another of the topics I am dealing with. KEYWORDS Seneca, hellenistic philosophy, stoicismu, the ideal of a noble spirit, education
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Stoic Spiritual Exercises and Modern Self-Help Literature
DVOŘÁKOVÁ, Terezie
This bachelor's thesis focuses on a way in which selected books of contemporary literature that are focused on self-development (self-help literature) use methods developed by the western philosophical tradition. These methods are called spiritual exercises. The main focus is on the linkage with stoicism and on the forms in which these exercises appear in self-development books. Spiritual exercises deal with one´s willpower, with strengthening one´s endurance when it comes to various hardships. The goal of this thesis is to show if and to what extent these elements of philosophical askesis are present in popular books which are not explicitly under the co-called modern Stoicism movement.
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The Reign of Marcus Aurelius: Stoicism in Political Decisions
Vošček, Lukáš ; Halamka, Tomáš (advisor) ; Franěk, Jakub (referee)
The bachelor thesis focuses on the philosophy and government of the Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius. The thesis aims to find out how Stoic philosophy influenced Marcus Aurelius and his political decisions. Although he is generally regarded as a representative of Stoicism, the first section of the thesis examines to what extent, or whether at all, he truly was a Stoic. This part begins with a description of Stoicism in general, followed by an introduction of two representatives of the Late Stoa, Seneca and Epictetus, whose thoughts the thesis draws on in the following sections. Their Stoic ideas are compared with the philosophical reflections of Marcus Aurelius, which are contained in his only philosophical book - Meditations. The thesis analyses the thoughts of the book in detail using qualitative content analysis. Based on this section dealing solely with philosophy, the first research question can be answered, i.e., to what extent Marcus Aurelius was a Stoic. In the second section, the thesis traces the important and controversial political decisions that Marcus Aurelius made during his reign. The insights gained from historical literature are enriched with the author's interpretation of the interconnectedness with Stoicism, which forms the basis for answering the second research question, i.e., to...
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Stoic Elements in Tertullianus' Theology
Hladký, Petr ; Rybák, David (advisor) ; Hogenová, Anna (referee)
The aim of this work is to introduce the person of Tertullian, an early Christian apologet from the turn of the 2nd century. and 3. Century. A stoic cosmogonic model of the world and a focus mainly on the concept of the soul (psyche) and body (soma). To point out how Tertullian understands these modalities in terms of his theology, as he understands them in his writings of De anima and De carne Christi, how he defends them against his opponents from the ranks of heretics or neo-Platonics. Part of the work is also Tertullian's treatise on the most holy Trinity. The work is structured into three main parts. The first part points to the work, the historical context and the biography of Tertulian. The second part deals with stoic influences affecting the author. The third longest part deals with Tertullian's own theological concept in terms of soul and body. The work of the compilation method of interpretations of individual studies offers a comprehensive idea of Tertullian's idea of the essence of the soul, body, spirit and God.
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Marcus Aurelius and The Meditations
Wolf, Edita ; Thein, Karel (advisor) ; Mikeš, Vladimír (referee)
The classification of the Meditations of Marcus Aurelius as a spiritual exercise by Pierre Hadot has been widely accepted and exerts a strong influence on any interpretation of the text. However, such genre categorization is by itself an interpretative choice excluding other possible readings. The present thesis offers a new reading of the Meditations based on Gilles Deleuze's interpretation of stoicism and on his philosophy of event. This reading avoids any genre classification and focuses instead on the text itself by analyzing the changes of linguistic person. The Deleuzian interpretation of linguistic person and his concept of event allow for explanation of this particular feature of the Meditations and thus for addressing the problem of person and individual in stoic philosophy. Furthermore, the Deleuzian framework makes it possible to explore significant, but up to now marginalized themes recurring in the text that are directly linked to the problem of individuation - non-tragic theatre and death.
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Classic theories as sources of natural law
KOHOUT, Petr
This thesis is engaged in the theme of natural law, especially in sources of natural law - in theories, which are labelled as "classic". The thesis focuses on these theories (Aristotle, stoicism, Thomas Aquinas) and their common points, which are proper to these theories. That is the object of this thesis. These points present the essence of natural law. The first part explains problem of the term "natural law". The second part deals with the classic theories. The third chapter summarises findings of the second part. The fourth part is devoted to the similarity between the classic theories and the modern (enlightenment) theories. This chapter is devoted to the connection between natural law and positive law too.
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